TNRC6B (Trinucleotide Repeat Containing 6B) is a key component of the microRNA-induced silencing complex (miRISC), where it functions as a critical scaffold protein in the RNA interference pathway. It interacts directly with Argonaute (Ago) proteins and facilitates the recruitment of additional silencing factors, thereby enabling microRNA-mediated translational repression and mRNA decay. TNRC6B is characterized by multiple functional domains, including an arginine-rich motif for binding Argonaute, a ubiquitin-associated domain, and a glycine-tryptophan repeat region. In addition to its essential role in gene silencing, TNRC6B is also involved in processing bodies (P-bodies) and has been implicated in cellular processes such as development and viral defense. Mutations in the TNRC6B gene have recently been associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, highlighting its importance beyond post-transcriptional regulation.