CD160 is a 27 kDa glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored glycoprotein expressed on natural killer (NK) cells, T cell subsets (like cytotoxic T lymphocytes), and innate lymphoid cells. It functions as an activating or co-stimulatory receptor, depending on its ligand engagement. Its primary ligands are herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM) and major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related molecules (MICs). The CD160-HVEM interaction plays a critical dual role: it can deliver co-stimulatory signals to enhance NK/T cell cytotoxicity and cytokine production, but it can also inhibit T cell responses by engaging HVEM-associated signaling pathways. Thus, CD160 is a key regulator in immune cell activation, tumor surveillance, and autoimmune pathology (PMID: 21324341, PMID: 24882258, PMID: 36420268, PMID: 38360636).